Tag Archives: esophageal manometry

How Reliable is a Motilist in Interpreting Manometry and FLIP Studies?

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Correction: Yesterday’s post was updated after an astute observation from one of my colleagues (Jordan) to note that the pictured instrument was in fact a harpsichord rather than a piano. A harpsichord’s sound is derived from plucking a string whereas a piano’s sound comes after a hammer strikes a chord.

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JW Chen et al. AJG 2023; 118: 1334-1343. Interrater Reliability of Functional Lumen Imaging Probe Panometry and High-Resolution Manometry for the Assessment of Esophageal Motility Disorders

Thanks to Ben Gold for this reference. Also, congratulations to Jose Garza -our motility specialist and a coauthor of this study.

15 motility specialists completed their interpretation of 40 consecutive HRM (high resolution manometry) and 40 FLIP (functional lumen imaging probe panometry) studies. All were part of a FLIP study group. Key findings:

  • Overall, there were high levels of interrater agreement and accuracy in the interpretation of HRM and FLIP metrics and moderate-to-high levels for motility classification in FLIP
  • There were no FLIP diagnoses of normal EGJ opening in patients with established achalasia and no FLIP diagnoses of achalasia in patients with normal EGJ opening and contractility. This was true with HRM as well.
  • In non-obstructive motor disorders, raters frequently indicated that they would request alternate confirmatory testing before invasive management

My take: This is a reassuring study indicating that with the most consequential esophageal findings, there is excellent agreement among motilist interpretation. Previous studies of colonic manometry, in contrast, have found much lower levels of agreement.

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High-resolution Esophageal Manometry for Rumination Syndrome.

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Briefly noted: While in most cases, rumination syndrome does not require manometry for diagnosis, in cases of uncertainty, it can be helpful.  A recent retrospective study (FR Grunder, A Aspirot, C Faure. JPGN 2017; 65: 627-32) highlights the utility of high-resolution esophageal manometry (HREM) in the diagnosis of rumination syndrome using 15 patients with rumination and 15 control patients.

Background: The sensitivity of HREM can be lower in a clinical setting as many “subjects with rumination are often able to tolerate the test meal during the manometry study with minimal or no symptoms.”

HREM also helps determine whether rumination is primary, secondary or if there is supragastric belch-associated rumination.

  • Primary rumination indicates that abdominal pressure increases before the retrograde flow
  • Secondary rumination indicates that abdominal pressure increases after a reflux event
  • Supragastric belch-associated rumination indicates an association of air inflow (detected with combined impedance) in the esophagus immediately followed by a rumination event

Key finding from this study:

  • HREM had a sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 100% respectively to confirm the diagnosis of rumination.  “the association of a clinical rumination episode with a rise in gastric pressure >30 mmHg seems to be specific for the diagnosis of rumination syndrome in children.”

My take: Manometry is usually not needed for the diagnosis of rumination syndrome but does help explain the pathophysiology.

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