Tag Archives: nutrition

IBD Shorts: Ustekinumab in Kids, Subcutaenous Infliximab, Nutrition Highlights

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MT Dolinger et al. J Crohns Colitis 2022.  doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac055. Online ahead of print. Outcomes of Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Who Develop Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Induced Skin Reactions

In this retrospective study, among those who developed skin reactions to anti-TNF agents, 71 (64%) continued anti-TNF and 40 (36%) switched to ustekinumab (UST). Key findings:

  • Switching to UST had a higher rate and odds of resolution of skin findings (29/40 (73%) vs. 24/71 (34%); p <0.0001) and combined remission (21 (52%) vs. 22 (31%); p=0.03) vs. continuing anti-TNF at 6 months

PJ Smith et al. J Crohns Colitis, jjac053, https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac053 Open Access: Efficacy and Safety of Elective Switching From Intravenous to Subcutaneous Infliximab (Ct-P13): A Multi-Centre Cohort Study

Patients (n=181) on established maintenance IV infliximab who switched to SC CT-P13 were included in this retrospective multi-centre cohort study. Key findings:

  • Treatment persistence rate was high (N=167, 92.3%) and only 14 patients (7.7%) stopped treatment during the follow-up period. There were low rates of immunogenicity with no change in clinical disease activity indices or biomarkers

Link: Crohn’s and Colitis Congress 2022 Nutritional Highlights (Nutritional Therapy for IBD Website). This website has a summaries, and links to extensive information (videos/posters) from recent IBD meeting.

Sunrise in Sandy Springs (4/9/22) -no filter

ESPGHAN Position Paper: Nutrition for Critically Ill Neonates

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SJ Moltu et al JPGN 2021; 73: 274-289. Full Text: Nutritional Management of the Critically Ill Neonate: A Position Paper of the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition

Background: The authors of this position paper are trying to modulate the treatment recommendations based on the PEPaNIC trial. This “large randomized trial, the Early versus Late Parenteral Nutrition in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PEPaNIC) trial, showed that withholding parenteral nutrition (PN) during the first week of acute illness improved early outcomes as compared to PN initiated during the first 24 hours after admission in children [Fivez T, Kerklaan D, Mesotten D, et al. Early versus late parenteral nutrition in critically ill children. N Engl J Med 2016; 374:1111–1122] (71). Effects were similar in the subgroup of 209 term-born neonates recruited to the trial (72). Despite this finding, many clinicians appear reluctant to limit early nutritional support due to (1) concerns about possible harm by not providing adequate nutrients during the first week of critical illness, particularly in neonates and undernourished children (73), and (2) the belief that exogenous dietary protein provision is essential during critical illness (73).”

Key recommendations:

  • In preterm infants, available evidence does not support any significant changes to current guidelines, which recommend that critically ill preterm infants should receive nutritional support started at (or reduced to) the minimal amount needed to cover basal metabolic rate and basic macronutrient needs during the early acute phase (26,27,129,149). For many preterm infants, this means that they will need PN.
  • In critically ill term neonates, initiation of PN within 24 hours is not routinely recommended; however, considering the limitations of the PEPaNIC trial and the observed low risk of long-term harm from early PN in critically ill neonates, the ESPGHAN-CoN does NOT support a change towards withholding parenteral nutritional support for 7 days as standard nutritional care. This position paper suggests considering careful initiation of nutritional support, including micronutrients, just below or at predicted REE after 48–72 hours… when adequate enteral nutrition is not feasible

My take: Particularly in preterm infants, adequate nutrition should not be withheld due to their very limited reserves. In term critical infants, these guidelines offer a logical approach until more studies are available.

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NY Times: “Our Food is Killing Too Many of Us”

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NY Times: D Mozaffarian, D Glickman Our Food is Killing Too Many of Us

“Improving American nutrition would make the biggest impact on our health care”

An excerpt:

“Instead of debating who should pay for all this, no one is asking the far more simple and imperative question: What is making us so sick, and how can we reverse this so we need less health care? … our food…

Poor diet is the leading cause of mortality in the United States, causing more than half a million deaths per year. Just 10 dietary factors are estimated to cause nearly 1,000 deaths every day from heart disease, stroke and diabetes alone…

Taxes on sugary beverages and junk food can be paired with subsidies on protective foods like fruits, nuts, vegetables, beans, plant oils, whole grains, yogurt and fish….Levels of harmful additives like sodium, added sugar and trans fat can be lowered through voluntary industry targets or regulatory safety standards…

Nutrition standards in schools, which have improved the quality of school meals by 41 percent, should be strengthened; the national Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program should be extended beyond elementary schools to middle and high schools…

Coordinated federal leadership and funding for research is also essential. This could include, for example, a new National Institute of Nutrition at the National Institutes of Health. Without such an effort, it could take many decades to understand and utilize exciting new areas, including related to food processing, the gut microbiome, allergies and autoimmune disorders, cancer, brain health, treatment of battlefield injuries and effects of nonnutritive sweeteners and personalized nutrition.”

Related blog posts:

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The Pediatric Nutrionist Blog

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One of my colleagues, Kipp Ellsworth, at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta has started a pediatric nutrition blog: 

The Pediatric Nutritionist | Covering the world of infant, child … (www.childrensnutrition.org)

The site contains:

  • Core lectures section containing several presentations addressing the basics of pediatric nutrition
  • Feature Articles (long-form articles covering expansive clinical nutrition topics)
  • Protocol Development (articles covering institutional efforts to develop nutrition support protocols for various populations)
  • Journal Club
  • Clinical Vignettes (short-form articles or discussions on issues facing  clinical practice)

I’ve reviewed the site and I think it will be a useful resource for pediatric gastroenterology providers as well as general pediatricians.  Kipp has had a twitter feed which has provided links to a large number of nutrition articles and this site is likely to be a helpful extension.  Already on the site, there are a few powerpoint lectures; the one on formulas for infants and children provides a particularly good overview.